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1879: Birth Date of Albert Einstein.
Albert Einstein was the physicist who formulated the theory of relativity that broadened understanding of space, time, and motion. He formulated his relativity theory in 1905 when he was 26 years old, and in 1921 he won the Nobel Prize for Physics. Born in Ulm, Germany, Einstein was forced to leave his homeland in 1933 when his German citizenship was taken away by the Nazis because he was Jewish.
He was the scientist who delved into theoretical physics; using a pencil, paper, and mathematical logic, he expanded our knowledge of matter, energy, heat, light, and atomic structure. His findings contributed to the development of such complex devices as the electric eye, sound movies, and television.
He also developed an idea that provided the basic principles for making the atomic bomb and other nuclear devices. Einstein's work on conversion of matter into energy helped bring the world into the atomic age.
Resources:
- History
- Who Was Albert Einstein? Brallier
- Albert Einstein: Young Thinker (The Childhood of Famous Americans Series), Hammontree
- Odd Boy Out: Young Albert Einstein, Brown
CHECK THIS STUFF OUT:
- A boatload of Einstein resources for kids and classrooms!
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein/
Who was smarter Newton or Einstein?
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein/genius/index.html
http://www.aip.org/history/einstein/
http://www.kidsnet.org/sfkc/sfkc20030117-1.html
http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/ein.html
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/time/think.
The World As I See It
An essay by Albert Einstein
"How strange is the lot of us mortals! Each of us is here for a brief sojourn; for what purpose he knows not, though he sometimes thinks he senses it. But without deeper reflection one knows from daily life that one exists for other people -- first of all for those upon whose smiles and well-being our own happiness is wholly dependent, and then for the many, unknown to us, to whose destinies we are bound by the ties of sympathy. A hundred times every day I remind myself that my inner and outer life are based on the labors of other men, living and dead, and that I must exert myself in order to give in the same measure as I have received and am still receiving...
"I have never looked upon ease and happiness as ends in themselves -- this critical basis I call the ideal of a pigsty. The ideals that have lighted my way, and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully, have been Kindness, Beauty, and Truth. Without the sense of kinship with men of like mind, without the occupation with the objective world, the eternally unattainable in the field of art and scientific endeavors, life would have seemed empty to me. The trite objects of human efforts -- possessions, outward success, luxury -- have always seemed to me contemptible.
"My passionate sense of social justice and social responsibility has always contrasted oddly with my pronounced lack of need for direct contact with other human beings and human communities. I am truly a 'lone traveler' and have never belonged to my country, my home, my friends, or even my immediate family, with my whole heart; in the face of all these ties, I have never lost a sense of distance and a need for solitude..." "My political ideal is democracy. Let every man be respected as an individual and no man idolized. It is an irony of fate that I myself have been the recipient of excessive admiration and reverence from my fellow-beings, through no fault, and no merit, of my own. The cause of this may well be the desire, unattainable for many, to understand the few ideas to which I have with my feeble powers attained through ceaseless struggle. I am quite aware that for any organization to reach its goals, one man must do the thinking and directing and generally bear the responsibility. But the led must not be coerced, they must be able to choose their leader. In my opinion, an autocratic system of coercion soon degenerates; force attracts men of low morality... The really valuable thing in the pageant of human life seems to me not the political state, but the creative, sentient individual, the personality; it alone creates the noble and the sublime, while the herd as such remains dull in thought and dull in feeling.
"This topic brings me to that worst outcrop of herd life, the military system, which I abhor... This plague-spot of civilization ought to be abolished with all possible speed. Heroism on command, senseless violence, and all the loathsome nonsense that goes by the name of patriotism -- how passionately I hate them!
"The most beautiful experience we can have is the mysterious. It is the fundamental emotion that stands at the cradle of true art and true science. Whoever does not know it and can no longer wonder, no longer marvel, is as good as dead, and his eyes are dimmed. It was the experience of mystery -- even if mixed with fear -- that engendered religion. A knowledge of the existence of something we cannot penetrate, our perceptions of the profoundest reason and the most radiant beauty, which only in their most primitive forms are accessible to our minds: it is this knowledge and this emotion that constitute true religiosity. In this sense, and only this sense, I am a deeply religious man... I am satisfied with the mystery of life's eternity and with a knowledge, a sense, of the marvelous structure of existence -- as well as the humble attempt to understand even a tiny portion of the Reason that manifests itself in nature."
Source: TJEd This Week In History: [Source: http://www.aip.org/history/einstein/essay.htm]
Fun Einstein Quotes:
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[Note: This list of Einstein quotes was being forwarded around the Internet in e-mail, so I decided to put it on my web page. I'm afraid I can't vouch for its authenticity, tell you where it came from, who compiled the list, who Kevin Harris is, or anything like that. Still, the quotes are interesting and enlightening.]
Collected Quotes from Albert Einstein
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"Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent. It takes a touch of genius -- and a lot of courage -- to move in the opposite direction."
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* "Imagination is more important than knowledge."
- * "Gravitation is not responsible for people falling in love."
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* "I want to know God's thoughts; the rest are details."
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* "The hardest thing in the world to understand is the income tax."
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* "Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one."
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* "The only real valuable thing is intuition."
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* "A person starts to live when he can live outside himself."
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* "I am convinced that He (God) does not play dice."
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* "God is subtle but he is not malicious."
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* "Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character."
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* "I never think of the future. It comes soon enough."
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* "The eternal mystery of the world is its comprehensibility."
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* "Sometimes one pays most for the things one gets for nothing."
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* "Science without religion is lame. Religion without science is blind."
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* "Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new."
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* "Great spirits have often encountered violent opposition from weak minds."
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* "Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler."
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* "Common sense is the collection of prejudices acquired by age eighteen."
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* "Science is a wonderful thing if one does not have to earn one's living at it."
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* "The secret to creativity is knowing how to hide your sources."
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* "The only thing that interferes with my learning is my education."
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* "God does not care about our mathematical difficulties. He integrates empirically."
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* "The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking."
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* "Technological progress is like an axe in the hands of a pathological criminal."
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* "Peace cannot be kept by force. It can only be achieved by understanding."
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* "The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible."
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* "We can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them."
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* "Education is what remains after one has forgotten everything he learned in school."
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* "The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing."
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* "Do not worry about your difficulties in Mathematics. I can assure you mine are still greater."
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* "Equations are more important to me, because politics is for the present, but an equation is something for eternity."
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* "If A is a success in life, then A equals x plus y plus z. Work is x; y is play; and z is keeping your mouth shut."
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* "Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the the universe."
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* "As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain, as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality."
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* "Whoever undertakes to set himself up as a judge of Truth and Knowledge is shipwrecked by the laughter of the gods."
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* "I know not with what weapons World War III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones."
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* "In order to form an immaculate member of a flock of sheep one must, above all, be a sheep."
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* "The fear of death is the most unjustified of all fears, for there's no risk of accident for someone who's dead."
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* "Too many of us look upon Americans as dollar chasers. This is a cruel libel, even if it is reiterated thoughtlessly by the Americans themselves."
- * "Heroism on command, senseless violence, and all the loathsome nonsense that goes by the name of patriotism -- how passionately I hate them!"
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* "No, this trick won't work...How on earth are you ever going to explain in terms of chemistry and physics so important a biological phenomenon as first love?"
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* "My religion consists of a humble admiration of the illimitable superior spirit who reveals himself in the slight details we are able to perceive with our frail and feeble mind."
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* "Yes, we have to divide up our time like that, between our politics and our equations. But to me our equations are far more important, for politics are only a matter of present concern. A mathematical equation stands forever."
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* "The release of atom power has changed everything except our way of thinking...the solution to this problem lies in the heart of mankind. If only I had known, I should have become a watchmaker."
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* "Great spirits have always found violent opposition from mediocrities. The latter cannot understand it when a man does not thoughtlessly submit to hereditary prejudices but honestly and courageously uses his intelligence."
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* "The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and all science. He to whom this emotion is a stranger, who can no longer pause to wonder and stand rapt in awe, is as good as dead: his eyes are closed."
- * "A man's ethical behavior should be based effectually on sympathy, education, and social ties; no religious basis is necessary. Man would indeeded be in a poor way if he had to be restrain
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ed by fear of punishment and hope of reward after death."
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* "The further the spiritual evolution of mankind advances, the more certain it seems to me that the path to genuine religiosity does not lie through the fear of life, and the fear of death, and blind faith, but through striving after rational knowledge."
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* "Now he has departed from this strange world a little ahead of me. That means nothing. People like us, who believe in physics, know that the distinction between past, present, and future is only a stubbornly persistent illusion."
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* "You see, wire telegraph is a kind of a very, very long cat. You pull his tail in New York and his head is meowing in Los Angeles. Do you understand this? And radio operates exactly the same way: you send signals here, they receive them there. The only difference is that there is no cat."
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* "One had to cram all this stuff into one's mind for the examinations, whether one liked it or not. This coercion had such a deterring effect on me that, after I had passed the final examination, I found the consideration of any scientific problems distasteful to me for an entire year."
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* "...one of the strongest motives that lead men to art and science is escape from everyday life with its painful crudity and hopeless dreariness, from the fetters of one's own ever-shifting desires. A finely tempered nature longs to escape from the personal life into the world of objective perception and thought."
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* "He who joyfully marches to music rank and file, has already earned my contempt. He has been given a large brain by mistake, since for him the spinal cord would surely suffice. This disgrace to civilization should be done away with at once. Heroism at command, how violently I hate all this, how despicable and ignoble war is; I would rather be torn to shreds than be a part of so base an action. It is my conviction that killing under the cloak of war is nothing but an act of murder."
- * "A human being is a part of a whole, called by us _universe_, a part limited in time and space. He experiences himself, his thoughts and feelings as something separated from the rest... a kind of optical delusion of his consciousness. This delusion is a kind of prison for us, restricting us to our personal desires and to affection for a few persons nearest to us. Our task must be to free ourselves from this prison by widening our circle of compassion to embrace all living creatures and the whole of nature in its beauty."
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* "Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that can be counted counts." (Sign hanging in Einstein's office at Princeton)
Source TJEd This Week In History & Copyright: Kevin Harris 1995 (may be freely distributed with this acknowledgement)
[Source: http://rescomp.stanford.edu/~cheshire/EinsteinQuotes.html]
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